(Open Access)
H. S. Abdelgader,
J. Górski
Volume 516: Issue 8
Pages 66-68
Accepted for publication: 30.06.2015 r.
During the last decades the concrete industry has widely developed in many directions, e.g. improving the methods of pouring concrete in order to achieve high quality concrete and low cost. Two-stage concrete (TSC) is produced by placing coarse aggregate in a form and injecting a cement-sand grout in order to fill the voids between aggregate particles. For economic and technical reasons two-stage concrete is particularly used for
construction and repair of massive structures, especially foundations, underwater constructions, and all kinds of
construction with closely spaced reinforcement. The paper presents implementations of the two-stage technology in repair works, formulae and guidelines to assess the concrete mechanical parameters,e.g. modulus of elasticity, tensile strength and drying shrinkage. It was found that the modulus of elasticity and splitting tensile strength of two-stage concrete are equivalent or higher than the parameters of conventional concrete of the same compressive strength.
Keywords: two-stage concrete, modulus of elasticity, strength, splitting tensile, shrinkage
Keywords: two-stage concrete, modulus of elasticity, strength, splitting tensile, shrinkage
[1] ACI Committee 304, `Guide for the use of preplaced aggregate concrete for structural and mass concrete applications`. American Concrete Institute (1992), (Reapproved 1997).
[2] Abdelgader, H.S., Khatib, J., M, & El-baden, A.S., „Self-Compacting grout to Produce Two-Stage Concrete”, 2nd International Sustainable Buildings Symposium (ISBS 2015), 28 – 30 May 2015, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey, pp. 30 – 36 http://www.isbs2015.gazi.edu.tr ISBN: 978-975-507-278-4.
[3] Abdelgader, H. S., Ghabib, M.A. and Gorski, J., `Concrete elements cast in fabric forms`. Betonwerkt Fertigteil-Technik, (BFT), (8) 24 – 32, (Germany, 2002).
[4] Abdelgader, H.S. and Ben-Zeitun, A.E., `Effect of grout proportions on tensile strength of two-stage concrete measured by split and double-punch tests`. Structural Concrete, 5 (4) (2004) 173 – 177.
[5] Chen, W. F. and Yuan, R. L.Double-punch test. Journal of Structural Division, 1980, 106, No. 8, 1673–1693.
[6] Abdelgader, H. S., `How to design concrete produced by a two-stage concreting method`. Cement Concrete Research, 29 (3) (1999) 331–337.
[7] Abdelgader, H. S., `Effect of quantity of sand on the compressive strength of two-stage concrete`. Magazine Concrete Research, 48 (177) (1996) 353 – 360.
[8] Abdelgader, H. S. and Górski, J., `Stress-strain relations and modulus of elasticity of two-stage concrete`. Journal of materials in civil engineering. 15 (4) (ASCE-2003) 329 – 334.
[9] Abdelgader, H. S. and Górski, J. `Influence of grout proportions onmodulus of elasticity of two-stage concrete`. Magazine Concrete Research, 54 (4) (2002) 251 – 255.
prof. dr inż. Hakim S. Abdelgader, Tripoli University, Department of Civil Engineering, Libya
dr hab. inż. Jarosław Górski, prof. nadz. PG, Politechnika Gdańska, Wydział Budownictwa Lądowego i Środowiska
prof. dr inż. Hakim S. Abdelgader - hakimsa@poczta.onet.pl