The article attempts to analyse the types and effects of failures (FMEA – Failure Mode and Effects Analysis) during physical tests of common cement performed in accordance with the PN-EN 196 series of standards. FMEA enabled the identification of areas of high degree of risk, at the stage where the occurrence of an error gave the base to the undermining the test result. In addition, it allowed to classify errors depending on their importance, which may be helpful to plan appropriate preventive actions and determine their expected effectiveness. Comprehensive analysis can be a method of quality control and management of risk, aswell as a basis for systematic identification ofmany threats taking into account the level of risk. This will help to improve the quality of the performed tests, to reduce the number of complaints, and also allows for better adaptation to the customer's expectations. On the basis of FMEA, it might also be possible to introduce some better standards for the work of a laboratory team that will ensure the highest possible protection against accidental mistakes. Keywords: Failure Mode and Effects Analysis; physical test of cement; density; cement.